曝气生物滤池在矿区生活污水处理中的试验研究

生物曝气滤池是近年来发展起来的一种新型生活污水处理工艺,特别适合于煤矿区等中小规模的生活污水处理,而气水比是影响该工艺运行效果的一个重要参数,论文在不同气水比条件下,研究了曝气生物滤池对矿区生活污水中氨氮、有机物、悬浮物的去除效果,分析了污染物的降解机制,为该工艺在煤炭矿区生活污水处理中的推广应用提供了良好的理论依据及技术参考。     

低氧压浸出回收羰化渣中有价金属

通过比较国外几种处理羰化渣的方法，对低压氧浸处理羰化渣进行热力学分析，计算出了在浸出反应条件下△Gyn^0的值；讨论了浸出反应进行的可能性。通过体系中的各反应的电位-pH计算式，作出了其硫化物在水系中的电位-pH图，得出该体系的热力学规律。提出了采用低压氧浸处理羰化渣，使镍、钴在低的氧压下浸出，铜保留在渣中，以实现镍、钴和铜的回收及分离。     

铜精矿富氧熔炼过程中金银分配的规律

铜精矿富氧熔炼，操作过程系模拟诺兰达炉操作条件。在熔炼温度１２５０℃、富氧浓度３８％，研究了金、银在渣相和冰铜相中的分布规律。对冶炼冰铜品位在６０％以上的实验结果，引用悬浮修正模型计算值，结果与实验测试结果符合。高氧化度的渣进一步采用电炉贫化处理，研究金、银的走向．从实验结果可以得出金、银回收率与铜回收率有如下关系：ｎＡｕ＝０．８４ｎＣｕ＋０．１６ｎＡｇ＝１．０２ｎＣｕ－０．０２     

变温条件下煤结构与吸氧量的关系

采用压汞法技术定量测定了在不同温度与压力下煤样的孔径、孔容积与煤的表面积的值；用分形理论对煤在定压变温条件下结构参数进行分形特征描述，并对用孔径与孔容两种分形维度的值表示煤的孔隙结构的合理性进行了比较.当煤温<100 ℃时，煤的容积分形维数增大，吸氧量增加，孔隙容积对煤的吸氧量起主要作用；当煤温≥100 ℃时，煤的分形维数减小，煤的吸氧量也增加，这是由于煤的吸氧量主要是氧化反应速率决定的，孔隙结构特征对煤的吸氧量影响很小.     

热水锅炉及热网补水除氧研究

介绍了热水锅炉及热网补水系统,分析了溶解氧、锅炉及管路的腐蚀原理和危害,着重阐述了新型解析除氧器的原理及工作方式,对锅炉的安全运行有着积极意义。     

PVC塑料难燃化技术研究

难燃ＰＶＣ建筑塑料产品是一种新型材料。介绍了低烟、低毒、难燃ＰＶＣ塑料型材的基本配方，性能测试与结果。     

Fate of physical,chemical, and microbial contaminants in domestic wastewater following treatment by small constructed wetlands

In order to evaluate the efficacy of constructed wetlands for treatment of domestic wastewater for small communities located in rural areas, small-scale wetland mesocosms (400 L each) containing two treatment designs (a mixture of Typha, Scirpus, and Juncus species; control without vegetation) were planted into two depths (45 or 60 cm) with pea gravel. Each mesocosm received 19 L/day of primary-treated domestic sewage. Mesocosms were monitored (inflow and outflow samples) on a monthly basis over a 2-year period for pH, total suspended solids (TSS), 5-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD(5)), total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), dissolved oxygen (DO), and conductivity. Microbiological analyses included enumeration of fecal coliforms, enterococci, Salmonella, Shigella, Yersinia, and coliphage. Significant differences between influent and effluent water quality for the vegetated wetlands (p<0.05) were observed in TSS, BOD(5), and TKN. Increased DO and reduction in fecal coliform, enterococcus, Salmonella, Shigella, Yersinia, and coliphage populations also were observed in vegetated wetlands. Greatest microbial reductions were observed in the planted mesocosms compared to those lacking vegetation. Despite marked reduction of several contaminants, wetland-treated effluents did not consistently meet final discharge limits for receiving bodies of water. Removal efficiencies for bacteria and several chemical parameters were more apparent during the initial year compared to the second year of operation, suggesting concern for long-term efficiency and stability of such wetlands.     

秦岭凤太盆地沉积建造的碳氧同位素特征

通过对碳氧同位素特征的研究，把凤太泥盆纪盆地的沉积物分为正常沉积和热水沉积两类，其热水沉积事件是在正常沉积背景下深循环热水喷流插入的非正常沉积事件。     

重力出流式MBR处理生活污水及毛纺废水

针对膜生物反应器(MBR)能耗高的问题，开发了一种利用生物反应区内液位水头的重力出流式MBR。采用该反应器处理生活污水和毛纺废水，处理出水水质达到了《城市污水再生利用——城市杂用水水质》(GB／T 18920-2002)标准。试验结果表明：选择合适的曝气量不仅有助于提高膜通量、有利于控制膜污染，还有利于生物反应器中氧的传递。MBR系统中污泥浓度为12g／L、表观气速从O．028m／s上升到O．085m／s时，混合液中与清水中氧总转移系数的比值基本维持在O．27～O．29的水平。     

Modifications to electrolytic respirometer systems for precise determination of BOD exertion kinetics in receiving waters

Modifications to an electrolytic respirometric system are described which facilitate precise measurements of BOD progressions for low substrate concentration (BOD₅ < 20 g m^?3) as found in natural waters receiving organic enrichment. Samples may be incubated at any desired temperature or dissolved oxygen concentration with automatic hourly monitoring of the BOD progression. Subsamples may be withdrawn at any time without interference to the measurement. The system is independent of atmospheric temperature and pressure fluctuations and has a detection sensitivity of 0.05 mg of oxygen. Nomographs are presented to enable the maximum dissolved oxygen deficit, and the “apparent lag” time to be estimated. CO₂ removal, which may result in an extended lag phase, need not be used for BOD values below 50 g m^?3 provided adequate buffering is supplied.